Ask to take part

Contact the study team using the details below to take part. If there are no contact details below please ask your doctor in the first instance.

Contact Information:

Dr Emma Reay
emma.reay1@nhs.net


Dr Matthew Gardiner
matthew.gardiner@nhs.net


Mrs Liz Cook
liz.cook@york.ac.uk


More information about this study, what is involved and how to take part can be found on the study website.

Study Location:

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Be Part of Research - Trial Details - FLexor repAir and REhabilitation (FLARE) Trial

FLexor repAir and REhabilitation (FLARE) Trial

Medical Conditions

Traumatic injury to the hand in zone 2 injuries causing the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis to be severed.


This information is provided directly by researchers, and we recognise that it isn't always easy to understand. We are working with researchers to improve the accessibility of this information. In some summaries, you may come across links to external websites. These websites will have more information to help you better understand the study.


A deep cut through the fingers is a common injury that damages the flexor tendons. They are smooth cords that help the fingers to bend. There are two flexor tendons in each finger, which join the muscles in the forearm to the bones in the fingers. One tendon bends the middle knuckle, the other bends the fingertip. Flexor tendon injuries to the finger are more common in young adults. The usual treatment is an operation to stitch the severed tendon ends together, followed by 12 weeks of rehabilitation. There is low-quality evidence as to whether repairing both tendons is better than one tendon alone. In order to generate good quality evidence that can guide practice, the repair of one tendon alone needs to be formally tested in a clinical trial.
The aim of this study is to conduct a two-arm randomised controlled trial comparing the repair of one tendon versus repairs of both tendons in complete zone 2 injuries.

Start dates may differ between countries and research sites. The research team are responsible for keeping the information up-to-date.  

The recruitment start and end dates are as follows:

23 Aug 2023 30 Apr 2025

Publications

2025 Protocol article in https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41121267/ (added 24/10/2025)

Participants will be randomly allocated to receive either surgery to repair one tendon only or surgery to repair both tendons. Participants will be assessed at the start of the study, then at 1 week, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after surgery. Participants will be asked to complete questionnaires, and a clinical assessment of the range of motion and grip strength is undertaken. Rehabilitation will be according to routine practice at the treating hospital. A subset of participants will take part in an interview about their experiences and receiving treatment for this injury, their recovery and taking part in the research. The cost of both treatments is calculated relative to their benefits to find out which is better value for money for the NHS.


Adult patients (who are 16 years old or older), who attend a participating hospital with an open injury in zone 2 of a single finger and where the complete division of both flexor tendons is suspected

You can take part if:



You may not be able to take part if:


Eligibility criteria for screening:1. Injuries affecting more than one digit or the thumb2. Injuries outside of Zone 2 3. Injuries affecting multiple zones4. Clinically infected wounds5. Closed flexor tendon injury6. Previous tendon, bone or joint injury in the affected digit7. Patient does not have capacity to give informed consent8. Patient unable to complete follow-up requirements9. Contraindications to surgery

Exclusion criteria for randomisation (confirmed at surgery):10. Injuries with loss of tendon substance or skin necessitating reconstruction11. Division of both digital arteries resulting in revascularisation of injured digit12. Division of both digital nerves


Below are the locations for where you can take part in the trial. Please note that not all sites may be open.

  • Lister Hospital
    East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust Coreys Mill Lane
    Stevenage
    SG1 4AB
  • Queen Elizabeth Hospital
    University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Mindelsohn Way Edgbaston
    Birmingham
    B15 2GW
  • Chelsea & Westminster Hospital
    Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust 369 Fulham Road
    London
    SW10 9NH
  • James Cook University Hospital
    Marton Road
    Middlesbrough
    TS4 3BW
  • Forth Valley Royal Hospital
    Stirling Road
    Larbert
    FK5 4WR
  • Leeds General Infirmary
    Great George Street
    Leeds
    LS1 3EX
  • University Hospital of North Durham
    University Hospital of Durham Dryburn Hospital North Road
    Durham
    DH1 5TW
  • Stoke Mandeville Hospital
    Mandeville Road
    Aylesbury
    HP21 8AL
  • Royal Cornwall Hospital (treliske)
    Treliske
    Truro
    TR1 3LJ
  • Addenbrookes Hospital
    Hills road
    Cambridge
    CB2 0QQ
  • North Tyneside General Hospital
    Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Rake Lane
    North Shields
    NE29 8NH
  • John Radcliffe Hospital
    Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Headley Way Headington
    Oxford
    OX3 9DU
  • Royal Victoria Infirmary
    The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Queen Victoria Road
    Newcastle upon Tyne
    NE1 4LP
  • Royal Derby Hospital
    University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust Uttoxeter Road
    Derby
    DE22 3NE
  • Morriston Hospital
    Heol Maes Eglwys Cwmrhydyceirw
    Swansea
    SA6 6NL
  • North Cumbria University Hospitals NHS Trust
    Cumberland Infirmary Newtown Road
    Carlisle
    CA2 7HY
  • Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital
    Aldermaston Road
    Basingstoke
    RG24 9NA
  • Wexham Park Hospital
    Wexham Street Wexham
    Slough
    SL2 4HL
  • Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
    Holtye Road
    East Grinstead
    RH19 3DZ
  • St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
    Blackshaw Rd
    London
    SW17 0QT
  • Hull Royal Infirmary
    Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Anlaby Road
    Hull
    HU3 2JZ
  • Peterborough City Hospital
    North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust Bretton Gate Bretton
    Peterborough
    PE3 9GZ

Participants may not benefit from taking part, however, if enough people take part in this study, the information we get should help ensure that people with these injuries have informed treatment choices in the future. This study only includes interventions that are already used in the NHS. As with many medical procedures, there are some potential risks, mainly in relation to surgery and anaesthesia. Participants in both groups will undergo surgery and risk is not increased through trial participation. Flexor tendon repair patients usually have a splint to wear during rehabilitation, whether or not they participate in the study. Splints have the potential to be uncomfortable and may cause skin irritation and stiffness.

Dr Emma Reay
emma.reay1@nhs.net


Mrs Liz Cook
liz.cook@york.ac.uk


Dr Matthew Gardiner
matthew.gardiner@nhs.net



More information about this study, what is involved and how to take part can be found on the study website.


The study is sponsored by South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and funded by Health Technology Assessment Programme.




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Read full details for Trial ID: ISRCTN10918157

Or CPMS: 54953

Last updated 06 March 2026

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